@article{unic9478,
          author = {Nadim Sharif and Nazmul Sharif and Afsana Khan and Ibrahim F. Halawani and Fuad M. Alzahrani and Khalid J. Alzahrani and Isabel De la Torre D{\'i}ez and Debora L. Ram{\'i}rez-Vargas and {\'A}ngel Gabriel Kuc Castilla and Anowar Khasru Parvez and Shuvra Kanti Dey},
          volume = {11},
         journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
           month = {Octubre},
            year = {2023},
           title = {Prevalence and impact of long COVID-19 among patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in Bangladesh},
        abstract = {Introduction: Co-prevalence of long-COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is one of the major health challenges of the pandemic worldwide. Studies on long-COVID-19 and associated health outcomes are absent in Bangladesh. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and impact of long-COVID-19 on preexisting diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) on health outcomes among patients in Bangladesh.

Methods: We collected data from 3,250 participants in Bangladesh, retrospectively. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratio between independent and dependent variables. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to determine the cumulative survival.

Results: COVID-19 was detected among 73.4\% (2,385 of 3,250) participants. Acute long-COVID-19 was detected among 28.4\% (678 of 2,385) and chronic long-COVID-19 among 71.6\% (1,707 of 2,385) patients. CVD and diabetes were found among 32\%, and 24\% patients, respectively. Mortality rate was 18\% (585 of 3,250) among the participants. Co-prevalence of CVD, diabetes and COVID-19 was involved in majority of fatality (95\%). Fever (97\%), dry cough (87\%) and loss of taste and smell (85\%) were the most prevalent symptoms. Patients with co-prevalence of CVD, diabetes and COVID-19 had higher risk of fatality (OR: 3.65, 95\% CI, 2.79?4.24). Co-prevalence of CVD, diabetes and chronic long-COVID-19 were detected among 11.9\% patients.

Discussion: Risk of hospitalization and fatality reduced significantly among the vaccinated. This is one of the early studies on long-COVID-19 in Bangladesh.},
        keywords = {long-COVID-19, comorbidity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Banglades},
             url = {http://repositorio.unic.co.ao/id/eprint/9478/}
}