%L unic7793
%V 23
%D 2023
%K artificial intelligence; COVID-19; deep learning; FaceMask; MobileNetV2; pandemic; SARS CoV-2; surveillance; World Health Organization
%T FMDNet: An Efficient System for Face Mask Detection Based on Lightweight Model during COVID-19 Pandemic in Public Areas
%P 6090
%R doi:10.3390/s23136090
%A J. V. Bibal Benifa
%A Channabasava Chola
%A Abdullah Y. Muaad
%A Mohd Ammar Bin Hayat
%A Md Belal Bin Heyat
%A Rajat Mehrotra
%A Faijan Akhtar
%A Hany S. Hussein
%A Debora L. Ramírez-Vargas
%A Ángel Gabriel Kuc Castilla
%A Isabel de la Torre Díez
%A Salabat Khan
%J Sensors
%N 13
%X A new artificial intelligence-based approach is proposed by developing a deep learning (DL) model for identifying the people who violate the face mask protocol in public places. To achieve this goal, a private dataset was created, including different face images with and without masks. The proposed model was trained to detect face masks from real-time surveillance videos. The proposed face mask detection (FMDNet) model achieved a promising detection of 99.0% in terms of accuracy for identifying violations (no face mask) in public places. The model presented a better detection capability compared to other recent DL models such as FSA-Net, MobileNet V2, and ResNet by 24.03%, 5.0%, and 24.10%, respectively. Meanwhile, the model is lightweight and had a confidence score of 99.0% in a resource-constrained environment. The model can perform the detection task in real-time environments at 41.72 frames per second (FPS). Thus, the developed model can be applicable and useful for governments to maintain the rules of the SOP protocol.